4000 BC to 2025 AD | Curated by Zulquarnain Akhtar
Susa and Sialk established as world's oldest civilizations.
The Proto-Elamite period and the rise of the Elamite Empire.
Medes and Persians arrive on the Iranian plateau.
The Medes unite Iran as a single nation for the first time.
Cyrus the Great founds the largest empire in history.
Alexander the Great conquers the Persian Empire.
Arabs bring Islam, marking the decline of Zoroastrianism.
The fall of Umayyads leads to peak Persian cultural influence.
Persian identity survives despite Mongol and Turkic invasions.
Shia Islam becomes state religion; Isfahan becomes a hub.
The end of the Safavid Empire's golden era.
Tehran is officially established as the capital of Iran.
Reza Khan starts modernization after overthrowing Qajars.
Coup deposes PM Mosaddegh, impacting Iran's sovereignty.
Shah is exiled; Iran becomes an Islamic Republic.
An eight-year conflict that shaped modern Iranian history.
Ali Khamenei becomes Supreme Leader after Khomeini.
Agreement signed to ease sanctions, later abandoned by US.
Iran faces complex internal evolution and external pressures.
