1796: The Qajar Dynasty
18th century ke aakhir mein, saalon ke civil war ke baad, Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar ne poore Iran ko dubara fatah kiya. 1796 mein unki coronation (taj-poshi) hui aur unhone Qajar Dynasty ki buniyad rakhi.
Why Tehran?
Pehle Iran ke bade capitals Isfahan, Shiraz ya Mashhad hua karte the. Lekin Agha Mohammad Khan ne **Tehran** ko chuna. Iski wajah strategic thi - Tehran unke qabile (tribe) ke ilaqe ke qareeb tha aur yahan se Russia aur doosre dushmanon par nazar rakhna asaan tha.
From Village to Metropolis: 1796 se pehle Tehran ek chota sa dehati shehar tha. Qajars ne yahan Golestan Palace banwaya aur ise Iran ka political aur administrative dil bana diya.
The Qajar Legacy
Qajar daur takreeban 130 saal tak chala. Is daur mein Iran ne modernism ki taraf pehle kadam badhaye, lekin saath hi ye daur Russia aur Britain ke saath hone waali ladaiyon aur zameen khone (Treaty of Turkmanchay) ke liye bhi jana jata hai.
Key Highlights of 1796:
- Re-unification: Iran ko saalon ke bikhrao ke baad ek flag ke neeche laya gaya.
- Strategic Shift: Iran ki power ka markaz (center) south se north (Tehran) shift ho gaya.
- Artistic Style: Qajar era mein ek naya art style shuru hua jo portraits aur floral designs ke liye mashoor hai.