Modernization & Reform

1925: The Pahlavi Dynasty

In 1925, Reza Khan ne Qajar dynasty ko overthrow karke **Pahlavi Dynasty** ki shuruat ki. Wo ek naya aur modern Iran banana chahte the jo European nations ka muqabla kar sake.

Reza Shah: The Architect of Modern Iran

Reza Shah ne Iran ke infrastructure ko puri tarah badal diya. Unhone **Trans-Iranian Railway** banwayi, education system ko secular kiya, aur Iran ki pehli modern university (University of Tehran) ki buniyad rakhi.

Identity Shift: 1935 mein Reza Shah ne international community se request ki ki mulk ko "Persia" ki jagah **"Iran"** ke naam se pukara jaye, jo mulk ki Aryan roots ko darshata hai.

The Rule of Mohammad Reza Shah

Unke bete Mohammad Reza Shah ne apne walid ke modernization mission ko aage badhaya, jise **"White Revolution"** kaha gaya. Isme land reforms, women's voting rights, aur industrial development par zor diya gaya.

Major Milestones:

Secularization: Judicial system ko Islamic courts se hata kar civil courts mein badla gaya.
Women's Rights: Hijab par ban (Kashf-e-Hijab) aur education mein aurton ki bhagidari badhayi gayi.
Military Power: Iran ko Middle East ki sabse mazboot military power banaya gaya.

The Turning Point

Jahan ek taraf modernization ho rahi thi, wahi dusri taraf political suppression aur wealth gap bhi badh raha tha, jisne aane wale waqt mein bade protests ki raah humwar ki.

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